Kubva payakavambwa, machubhu eX-ray ezvokurapa akaita basa rakakosha mukuchinja kwekufungidzira kwekufungidzira. Machubhu aya chikamu chakakosha chemichina yeX-ray inobvumira vanachiremba kuona mukati mevarwere uye kuongorora zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. Kunzwisisa kushanda kwemukati kwemachubhu eX-ray ekurapa kunogona kusimudzira kunzwisisa kwedu kwebudiriro yetekinoroji inosundira kufungidzira kwekuongorora kusvika kune hurefu hutsva.
Mwoyo we ayekurapa X-ray chubhuine zvikamu zviviri zvikuru: cathode uye anode, iyo inoshanda pamwe chete kugadzira X-ray danda. Iyo cathode inoshanda sechitubu chemaerekitironi nepo anode ichiita sechinangwa cheaya maerekitironi. Apo simba remagetsi rinoshandiswa pachubhu, cathode inobudisa rwizi rwema electron, iyo inotariswa uye inokurumidza kusvika kune anode.
Iyo cathode inodziya filament, inowanzo gadzirwa ne tungsten, iyo inoburitsa maerekitironi kuburikidza nenzira inonzi thermionic emission. Simba remagetsi rinopisa filament, zvichiita kuti maerekitironi apukunyuke kubva pamusoro pawo uye oita gore rezvimedu zvisina kunaka. Kapu inonangisa yakagadzirwa nenickel inobva yagadzira gore remaerekitironi kuita danda nhete.
Kune rumwe rutivi rwechubhu, anode inoshanda sechinangwa chemagetsi anobudiswa ne cathode. Iyo anode inowanzo gadzirwa ne tungsten kana imwe yakakwira nhamba yeatomu yezvinhu nekuda kwekunyungudika kwayo kwepamusoro uye kugona kwayo kutsungirira kupisa kukuru kunogadzirwa ne electron bombardment. Kana maerekitironi anomhanya zvikuru achidhumhana neanode, anokurumidza kunonoka, achibudisa simba muchimiro che<em>X-ray photon.
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinonyanya kukosha muX-ray chubhu dhizaini kugona kuburitsa huwandu hukuru hwekupisa hunogadzirwa panguva yekushanda. Kuti uite izvi, iyo X-ray chubhu yakashongedzerwa neyakaomesesa yekutonhodza system kudzivirira kupisa uye kuparara kweanode. Aya masisitimu ekutonhodza anowanzo sanganisira kutenderera kweoiri kana mvura kutenderedza anode, kunyatsotora uye kubvisa kupisa.
X-ray danda rinobudiswa nechubhu rinowedzera kuumbwa uye rinotungamirirwa nemacollimators, ayo anodzora ukuru, kusimba uye chimiro chendima yeX-ray. Izvi zvinobvumira vanachiremba kuti vatarise X-rays chaizvo munzvimbo dzekufarira, vachidzikamisa kuratidzwa kwemwaranzi kune varwere.
Kuvandudzwa kwemishonga yeX-ray tubes yakashandura kufungidzira kwekuongorora nekupa vanachiremba chigadziro chisingaiti chekuona zvimiro zvemuviri zvemukati. X-rays yakaratidza kukosha mukuona kutyoka kwemapfupa, kuona mapundu uye kuongorora zvirwere zvakasiyana. Pamusoro pezvo, tekinoroji yeX-ray yakashanduka kuti ibatanidze computed tomography (CT), fluoroscopy, uye mammography, ichiwedzera kuwedzera kugona kwayo kwekuongorora.
Pasinei nezvakawanda zvakanakira machubhu eX-ray, njodzi dzinogona kuitika dzine chekuita nekuratidzwa kwemwaranzi dzinofanirwa kubvumwa. Vanamazvikokota vezvokurapa vanodzidziswa kudzikamisa mabhenefiti eX-ray imaging pamwe nekukuvadza kunogona kuitika kwemwaranzi yakawandisa. Yakasimba chengetedzo maprotocol uye radiation dose yekutarisa kuti varwere vanowana inodiwa ruzivo rwekuongorora uku vachideredza kuratidzwa kwemwaranzi.
Muchidimbu,zvekurapa X-ray chubhuvakashandura kufungidzira kwekuongorora kuburikidza nekubvumira vanachiremba kuti vaongorore kushanda kwemukati kwemuviri wemunhu pasina maitiro anovhiringidza. Iyo yakaoma dhizaini yeX-ray chubhu ine cathode yayo, anode uye inotonhorera system inoburitsa yemhando yepamusoro X-ray mifananidzo yekubatsira mukuongororwa chaiko. Sezvo tekinoroji ichienderera mberi, tinogona kutarisira kumwe kuvandudzwa mukufungidzira kweX-ray kubatsira varwere nevashandi vehutano.
Nguva yekutumira: Aug-28-2023